Εξώφυλλο

Commonsense reasoning

To endow computers with common sense is one of the major long-term goals of Artificial Intelligence research. One approach to this problem is to formalize commonsense reasoning using mathematical logic. Commonsense Reasoning is a detailed, high-level reference on logic-based commonsense reasoning. I...

Πλήρης περιγραφή

Κύριος συγγραφέας: Mueller, Erik T.
Μορφή: Ηλεκτρονική πηγή
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία έκδοσης: Amsterdam ; Boston : Elsevier Morgan Kaufmann, c2006.
Θέματα:
Commonsense reasoning > Automation.
Artificial intelligence > Mathematics.
Logic, Symbolic and mathematical > Data processing.
Electronic books.
Διαθέσιμο Online: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780123693884
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Πίνακας περιεχομένων:
  • Chapter 1: Introduction
  • 1.1 What is Commonsense Reasoning?
  • 1.2 Key Issues of Commonsense Reasoning
  • 1.3 Brief History of Commonsense Reasoning
  • 1.4 The Event Calculus
  • Part I: Foundations
  • Chapter 2: The Event Calculus
  • 2.1 First-Order Logic
  • 2.2 Event Calculus Basics
  • 2.3 Event Calculus Axiomatizations
  • 2.4 Reification
  • 2.5 Conditions
  • 2.6 Circumscription
  • 2.7 Domain Descriptions
  • 2.8 Reasoning Types
  • Part II: Commonsense Phenomena
  • Chapter 3: The Effects of Events
  • 3.1 Positive and Negative Effect Axioms
  • 3.2 Effect Axiom Idioms
  • 3.3 Preconditions
  • 3.4 State Constraints
  • Chapter 4: The Triggering of Events
  • 4.1 Trigger Axioms
  • 4.2 Preventing Repeated Triggering
  • 4.3 Triggered Fluents
  • Chapter 5: The Commonsense Law of Inertia
  • 5.1 Representation of the Commonsense Law of Inertia
  • 5.2 Representing Release from the Commonsense Law of Inertia
  • 5.3 Release Axioms
  • Chapter 6: Indirect Effects of Events
  • 6.1 Effect Axioms
  • 6.2 Primitive and Derived Fluents
  • 6.3 Release Axioms and State Constraints
  • 6.4 Effect Constraints
  • 6.5 Causal Constraints
  • 6.6 Trigger Axioms
  • Chapter 7: Continuous Change
  • 7.1 Trajectory Axioms
  • 7.2 AntiTrajectory Axioms
  • 7.3 Using AntiTrajectory Instead of Releases
  • Chapter 8: Concurrent Events
  • 8.1 Restricting Concurrency
  • 8.2 Cumulative and Canceling Effects
  • Chapter 9: Nondeterministic Effects of Events
  • 9.1 Determining Fluents
  • 9.2 Disjunctive Event Axioms
  • Part III: Commonsense Domains
  • Chapter 10: Space
  • 10.1 Relational Space
  • 10.2 Metric Space
  • 10.3 Object Identity
  • Chapter 11: The Mental States of Agents
  • 11.1 Beliefs, Goals, and Plans
  • 11.2 Emotions
  • Part IV: Default Reasoning
  • Chapter 12: Default Reasoning
  • 12.1 Atemporal Default Reasoning
  • 12.2 Temporal Default Reasoning
  • 12.3 Default Reasoning Method
  • 12.4 Defaults and the Qualification Problem
  • 12.5 Default Events and Properties
  • Part V: Programs and Applications
  • Chapter 13: The Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner
  • 13.1 Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner Architecture
  • 13.2 Encoding SAT Problems
  • 13.3 Simple Examples
  • 13.4 Example: Telephone
  • 13.5 Discrete Event Calculus Reasoner Language
  • Chapter 14: Applications
  • 14.1 Business Systems
  • 14.2 Natural Language Understanding
  • 14.3 Vision
  • Part VI: Logical and Nonlogical Methods
  • Chapter 15: Logics for Commonsense Reasoning
  • 15.1 Situation Calculus
  • 15.2 Features and Fluents
  • 15.3 Action Languages
  • 15.4 Fluent Calculus
  • 15.5 Discussion and Summary
  • Chapter 16: Nonlogical Methods for Commonsense Reasoning
  • 16.1 Qualitative Reasoning
  • 16.2 Analogical Processing
  • 16.3 Probabilistic Reasoning
  • 16.4 Society of Mind
  • Part VII: Conclusion
  • Chapter 17: Conclusion
  • Part VIII: Appendices
  • Appendix A: Logical Foundations
  • Appendix B: Equivalence of EC and DEC
  • Appendix C: Events with Duration
  • Appendix D: Answers to Selected Exercises.

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